Software is the set of instructions that a computer must follow, that is, all those indications about what to do and how. The concept of software encompasses everything that is intangible on the computer, what cannot be touched, such as programs and operating systems. This description contrasts with hardware, which refers to the physical factors of the computer, those devices, appliances, and outfits that can be touched, seen, and manipulated. Without software, no matter how big or expensive the hardware is, it won’t work. In fact, the word software comes from English; means “soft goods”, as opposed to hardware, which means “hard goods”. Nowadays, the word software has become globalized as a synonym for computer commands. If we compare a computer with a human being, the software would be like the signals of the nervous system that control the functioning of the body.
Types of software
The software is varied and must be adapted to the electronic equipment that you want to handle. For example : smartphones, computers, airplanes, and word processors work with different software. When we use the computer to hear to music, while we write a textbook and hunt for information on the internet, numerous software is active at the same time. Let’s see the different types of software.
BIOS
The basic input/output system or BIOS (for its acronym in English, basic input-output system) is the initial software with which the computer is turned on and started. It’s the essential software of every computer.
Operating systems
Its function is to control the material part of a computer to enable its use by the user. The operating system takes full control of the computer’s any kinds of activities after the BIOS finishes its power-up job. There are various operating systems, among which we can talk about Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Linux for personal computers, iOS and Android for tablets and smartphones. The operating system optimizes the use of the processor, memory and input/output equipment allowing users to run various programs efficiently. The database system tries to maximize memory and fragment operation to accept different druggies to pierce data at the same time.
Utility programs
They are the maintenance programs of the computer. For good example: information system, disk utility, console and the terminal.
Application software
An application is a software that helps us do something constructive or fun on the computer. It’s written to perform a certain function. This function doesn’t have to be completely related to the computer. For a good example: a word processor helps users to create texts document. There are two types of application software: generic commercial software and custom software. As well as the most common generic applications we have:
- PowerPoint: with this software, you can make presentations.
- Calculator: with this software, you can calculate any kind of accounts.
- Google Chrome: with this web-based software you can use it to surf the internet.
- DVD player: with this software DVDs can read, and play songs.
An example of custom application software is the banking system, which takes care of a particular domain such as customers, accounts, investments, interest, and deposits of a particular bank. Embedded software is composed of electronic gear and is used to control the functions of the physical corridor of the gear. For a good example: in television sets, airplanes, and video games. When a pilot presses a button on the aircraft controls command, the software works the corresponding function. It’s described because it is designed rendering to the electronic equipment. For example: when we push the microwave keypad to heat for two minutes or more minutes at high power, the embedded system instructs the microwave to drive at maximum voltage and turn off after a certain time.
How is the software written?
The essential form of the first software was binary code. This is a numbering system in which there are only two numbers: 0 and 1. Now, programmers and software engineers write in programming languages, the best-known human being C ++, Ada, R, and JavaScript.
Importance of software
Currently, the software is used to control practically any electronic device. They are found in the control systems of airplanes, transportation, and power plants. Also in the electronic devices that we use frequently, such as ovens, microwaves, television, and refrigerators. Medical equipment such as pacemakers and diagnostic equipment are also operated by software. In short, modern society depends on the exact functioning of the software.
Software engineering
It refers to the application of engineering principles in the construction of software, that is, the development, operation and maintenance of software. The expert in charge of this task is recognized as a system engineer. Let’s make the comparison between a programmer and a system engineer. A programmer writes an entire program as a custom exertion. Instead, a system engineer writes a piece of software that will be combined with others to build a system as part of a team effort.
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